Plants Germination - Guide

This article offers a simple and easy explanation of seed germination and the early stages of growth. This germination method works indoors or outdoors, no matter what the future growth form is.

How to start?

Everything you need to know starting from the selection of seeds, to preparation and the sprouting.
Heat, Humidity, Darkness, and PH levels. 

Selection of seeds

Germination - the first step in growing is the selection of the seed.

Plants need to sprout from whole, ripe and healthy seeds. Select a seed that is of a reasonable size, from a reputable source, and of the right type.
Seeds for home cultivation differ from those for greenhouses or open fields.

In order to grow the best yield on your balcony or in your specially designed grow tent, the type is extremely important. Sprouting and later the growth of the bush will be directly affected by the quality of the source.
A guy once told me he grew cannabis for months, taking care of it as his own child, only to discover it was male plant instead of female. What a disappointment.

Seeds that don't sprout, or those that sprout but never progress. You don't want to discover a dead plant during your daily checkup on them.

Reliable source = Reliable seed = kilograms of flowers

Soaking and Cleavage

Seeds should be soaked for 24 hours until they swell a little or crack, then soaked in osmosis water with fertilizer or mineral water with a pH level of 6.0.

Unhatched seeds should not be left in the cup! 

The process will continue as usual.

Sprouting

The seeds can be transferred to the germination phase after they have completed the fission phase.

This step should be performed using coconut-peat substrate in small germination cups.

Other techniques of germination, such as rock wool and peat disks (Jiffy), can also be used. However, from the experience of hundreds of thousands of growers, coco-peat is the most effective germination substrate. 

Compared to coco-peat, rock wool has drastically lower success rates, which is why coco-peat should be used rather than rock wool.

After soaking the seed in water, put it gently in the germination cup, which filled quarterly with coco-peat. Sprinkle coco peat over it until it is about 0.5 cm below the surface, and water the germination cup until the substrate is completely wet, and the water has come out of the drainage holes at the bottom of the cup. As a result, it is important to keep the germination medium moist and not soaked in water during germination.

In this stage, dryness means death for the sprout, and overwatering prevents air from reaching the root, which not only suffocates it but also encourages the development of negative bacteria that prevent the growth of the plant.

Water sprayers are the best way to moisten the germination medium. As a rule of thumb - spray twice a day. Morning and evening. Of course every seed is different, an A/B testing is the key. If there is too much water in the drainage, spray once a day. If they still dry, spray trice a day. It is all about where you are putting them, using or not heat mattress and the climate in your room, garden or balcony.

In order to ensure successful germination, it is important to observe the best conditions. Germination will be quick and easy if these conditions are met.

Heat - Germination requires a warm place, not a cold one, above 20 degrees when 24 degrees is the ideal temperature for germination. Using a professional heating tray is a smart idea. As a result of the lack of such a tray, electrical products such as television converter boxes may emit heat that promotes sprouting. Therefore, sprouting cups must be placed on top of such a device in a tray. (An improvised solution for those with limited budgets).

Humidity - In order for germination to occur successfully, a high level of coco-peat moisture must be maintained throughout the entire germination process - a simple water sprayer that allows for a gentle misting of the top layer of soil in the pot is the most effective way to achieve this without damaging the sensitive sprout. After the stem and the first leaves are shown from the ground, it is critical to maintain high humidity in the area of the young plant (over 50%). A propagator (small greenhouse) can easily be used for this purpose.

Darkness - The main idea of germination methods (and the entire growing process in general) is to mimic as closely as possible the optimal conditions that the plants would receive in nature.
In nature, the seed is not even illuminated when it lies in the ground. In this way, we will also ensure that the germination area remains dark. When the stem and the first leaves emerge, it is very imperative to provide the young plant with proper lighting. For germinating small plants, LED lights can be used, not more than 650W, on a height of 45-60cm from the plant.

PH Level - The cost of laziness is acidity! You need to check the PH level of the plant because the PH determines whether or not fertilizers will be available to the roots.

Spending extra time on being extra careful is better than rushing and losing days and plants down the road.
In all stages of growth and during germination, a pH of 6 will be ideal.

A water sprayer should be used to water sprouts. To encourage faster root growth, a root catalyst is highly recommended.
Ensure that there is adequate air circulation around the germination cup, and do not place it in a hot or cold place. Temperatures between 24 and 28 degrees Celsius are ideal.

LED lights in a color suitable for germination can be turned on when sprouts rise from the surface. Sprouts should grow on their own without any assistance.
The bulb will be a few centimeters away from the top of the plant. Fluorescent bulbs do not heat up and are very economical, so we recommend them over LED lights at this point.
Raising the bulb accordingly while maintaining a constant height depends on the sprout's growth rate.

Fertilizer - Seeds contain everything a plant needs in its first two weeks, so it is important to remember that.
Generally, coconut substrates contain no nutrients, which is perfect for the germination process, and the next stages.
Don't use any substrate containing fertilizer (with the exception of food additives, such as root catalysts).
Also, let the sprout or seed coat fall off naturally without touching it.

Approximately two weeks after the seed splits, the plant should be 10-15 cm tall and have three leaf nodes and a root system that pokes through the drainage tray.
Once the seedling has grown several more leaves (beyond the first pair) and its roots emerge from the drainage holes at the bottom, it should be transplanted to a larger pot (if you using germination tray, if it is a 30cm diameter pot, leave it inside). Roots should not be separated from the substrate. It should be planted in bigger pots as it is.

A magical journey begins with successful seed germination.